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NMN (Nicotinamide Mononucleotide): Benefits, Side Effects, and Dosage

If you’re interested in aging and longevity innovations, you may have heard of NMN, which stands for nicotinamide mononucleotide.

It’s a molecule your body makes naturally, but some people also take it as a supplement. Scientists, such as Harvard University professor and longevity expert David Sinclair, are currently looking into its promising potential benefits for many different areas of health, including:

• longevity
• diabetes
• liver conditions
• brain health
• heart health
• exercise training
• sleep

Research on the effects of NMN supplements is still emerging, and more investigation is needed.

What is nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN)?

Put simply, NMN is a naturally occurring molecule that helps power your body.

NMN is a type of molecule called a nucleotide. Nucleotides play many roles in your body, including as the building blocks of DNA.

Within your cells, NMN is converted into another molecule known as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). Your body needs NAD for a variety of functions involved in metabolism and energy production.

You might think of NMN as raw material and NAD as the refined version that your body can actually use.

The amount of NAD your body can make depends on the amount of NMN available in your body.

Benefits of NMN

All the cells in your body use NAD and therefore require NMN, its precursor, to function properly. NAD helps cells regulate a number of essential functions that help keep your cells running smoothly, including:

• energy metabolism
• DNA repair
• gene expression
• cellular stress responses
• It’s essential that your cells have plenty of NMN to produce enough NAD to support these functions.

Your NMN levels naturally decline over time, and, as a result, your levels of NAD decline, too. This may contribute to some of the health effects you might experience during aging.

For example, researchTrusted Source has shown that people with different age-related conditions, including diabetes and liver diseases, may have lower levels of NMN and NAD.

Test-tube and animal studiesTrusted Source also suggest that NMN may play a role in other aspects of aging, including heart and brain health.

NMN vs. NR

If you’ve heard of NMN, you might have also heard of nicotinamide riboside (NR). NR is another molecule similar to NMN that people also take as a supplement for healthy aging.

Trusted Sources suggests that the body converts NR into NMN, which then is converted into NAD.

Potential benefits of NAD

Since taking NMN may help your body produce more NAD, it’s also important to consider the research behind the benefits of NAD. Studies investigating NAD shed light on its potential benefits:

• It may increase longevity. In your cells, NAD activates a group of proteins called sirtuins, which help repair your DNA. The activity of sirtuins is linked to longevity. On the flip side, low-NAD levels are associated with age-related diseases.
• It may have protective effects on the brain. NAD is thought to modulate the production of a protein that helps guard cells against impairment of mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. These cellular stressors are related to some neurological diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease.
• It may help reduce heart disease risk. ResearchTrusted Source in mice has found that high NAD levels in the blood reversed age-related arterial damage, which may help guard against heart disease.
• It may protect against cancer. Elevated NAD levels may help protect cells against oxidative stress and DNA damage, which are associated with cancer development.
• It may help with jet lag. Research Source suggests NAD may help adjust your internal clock, potentially helping ease jet lag or other circadian rhythm disorders.
• It may help aging muscles. Studies Source in older mice have shown that high blood NAD levels helped improve muscle function, strength, and endurance in older mice.
• It’s important to note that these benefits were found for NAD, not for NMN specifically. More research on the benefits of NMN and NAD is needed.

Recent research has found that taking NAD as a supplement doesn’t lead to the same potential benefits — but taking NMN can.

“The real breakthrough that occurred recently is our understanding of how to get NAD levels closer to those of our youth,” says Professor Andrew Salzman, MD, a Harvard Medical School alumni and a prominent drug inventor who’s leading NAD and NMN research at Wonderfeel®.

“We now know that it can’t be done by delivering NAD either orally or by IV — because NAD has no mechanism for entering the cell.

“However, it can be done by providing the starting material for NAD, which is NMN. Cells have evolved a receptor for NMN — it’s a special protein on the surface of the cell which attaches to NMN and shuttles it into the cell. Once inside, NMN is converted by cellular enzymes to create NAD.”

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NMN supplements – what are the benefits, side effects and dosages

NMN supplements are being touted as a way to help your body turn back the biological clock, but how much should you be taking?

Wouldn’t we all love to turn the body clock back a few notches? Well, now it seems we can, or at least slow the clock down, thanks to a growing number of supplements that increase the supply of NAD+ in the body. While each of these supplements make bold statements, do they actually have any benefits, and what are the potential side effects?

What is NMN?

NMN, or nicotinamide mononucleotide, is a precursor of an essential molecule called NAD+. Research has shown that not only does NAD+ provide the energy we need to function, grow and repair, it could actually be critical in stemming the process of aging.

As we grow older, our bodies naturally become more susceptible to various diseases, heart conditions, obesity and many other problems. This susceptibility aligns with the decline in NMN and NAD+ levels documented by research; in fact, by the age of 50, we only have half the amount of NMN that we did in our 20s.

NAD+ is consumed by key proteins and enzymes that play a critical role in repairing damage to our DNA, fuelling our cells and keeping our metabolic and immune systems ticking over nicely. But it is more that maintaining our systems – NAD+ could hold the key to preventing age-related decline.

If we can keep NAD+ levels reasonably high, we could slow down the aging process and even, in some situations, start to wind it back a little. This is where NMN comes into play. It is an NAD+ precursor that the body uses to restore more youthful levels of NAD+.

Benefits of NMN supplements

Research on NMN is actively ongoing, and includes both rodent and human trials. Studies so far have hinted at a number of NMN benefits, including:

Lowering obesity: Increased levels of NMN stimulate the metabolic system, which enhances the body’s ability to turn food into energy and can be a tool in reducing the risk of obesity. However, this should happen alongside an active lifestyle and healthy diet.

Reducing the risk of heart disease: The heart works 24/7 throughout your life without a breather. It produces huge amounts of energy and will need all the NAD+ it can get.

Improving metabolic disorders: Early research is finding that NAD precursors may help reduce body weight, counteract the effects of high-fat diets and improve energy. A small trial looked at the effect of NMN on women with prediabetes and found their muscles’ ability to process sugar improved.

Improving fitness and muscle endurance: Our bones and muscles consume glucose and fatty acids in order to continue functioning. NAD+ helps them to be metabolised into the system. Without it, everything slows down and muscle endurance declines. A recent trial on amateur runners also found that NMN increases human aerobic capacity. Researchers theorise that this is due to enhanced oxygen use in the skeletal muscle.

Improving cognitive function: Models of Alzheimer’s disease showed improved cognition and memory with NMN supplementation; this is most likely due to NAD+’s ability to improve many critical functions in the brain.

Improving symptoms of serious disease: Researchers are also exploring the specific benefits of increased NAD levels on high blood pressure, liver health and diabetes.
Inside the body, NAD+ produced by NMN supplements stimulates the activity of mitochondria, microscopic organelles that are vital to our metabolism. The powerhouses of the cells, mitochondria transform glucose and oxygen into cellular energy – without them, cells would lack energy and die.

NAD+ also activates sirtuins, a family of proteins that repair our DNA and regulate cellular homeostasis. Each time our cells divide, the caps on the ends of our DNA strands become a little bit shorter; this fraying and shortening damages our DNA, but sirtuins act to reduce this process by stabilising these caps, or telomeres. Studies in mice show that feeding them NMN can elongate telomeres, offsetting the risk of damage to DNA.

It is interesting to note that sirtuins are NAD dependent, which means they can’t function properly without it. However, as NAD production increases, so too does sirtuin activity.

SIIM’s THOUGHTS

I’m sure most of you have already heard that the FDA banned NMN, especially beta NMN, as a dietary supplement in the U. S.

We do not yet know whether or not it’s going to be banned across the entire world and whether or not it applies directly to NMN. But regardless, I thought I made this video about another potential much cheaper and more widespread supplement that can replace NMN and that you can use for anti-ageing purposes and to raise your energy levels. The supplement is niacin and has a long track record of health benefits, especially in reducing cardiovascular disease risk and cholesterol levels. And when it comes to NAD metabolism and niacin, any other form of Nas, like niacinamide or niacin alone, has also been found to affect NAD levels and raise NAD levels positively. So this 2020 study found that niacin supplementation in like patients with mitochondrial myopathy was able to cure systemic energy deficiency and improve muscle performance. The niacin supplementation increased muscle strength and exercise performance.

To patients and their match controls, blood energy increased up to eight-fold, and the muscle energy of patients reached the level of their controls. Another 2021 study found that even a single oral supplementation of Nicotinamide within the daily tolerable upper limit increases blood energy levels in healthy subjects.

With a tryptophan, you have the Salvage pathway that uses Nicotinamide, Which you can get from that or a Supplement that helps with NAD recycling Through the Salish pathway, and the vast majority of daily energy Comes from the Salvage pathway. So uh yeah, it’s much better and more important to boost your energy levels with the Salvage pathway where The Nicotinamide comes into play; it is a Cyst that you can meet your daily like a Price handle pathway Demand with NAD Production with only like 20 milligrams Of daily niacin but like the vast majority of it still comes from the Salvage pathway and even if you do get All the energy from your diet then you Would still want to have the salvage Pathway working properly because that One is recycling the NAD or every time You produce NAD from any Source even if You take the supplements in a minute or Any container herbicide a lot of it Still goes back to the salvage pathway And is recycled.

So that’s why you need the NMTP enzyme to work properly, which requires circadian rhythm alignment and some exercise and boosting. Nicotinamide is one of the essential core supplements I would take for everyone. Pretty much like because it’s going to help with the Salvage pathway. ,.

Niacinamide, Nicotinamide, or niacin can help with energy production and metabolic health. There is no downside to taking them. Niacinamide is a cheaper and easier alternative to nmn. Over the long term, niacinamide is the best way to recycle your NMN.

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